How to Use Accusative Pronouns in German
Today I’m going to teach you how to use the accusative case personal pronouns in German.
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All Accusative Case Lessons
haben + Direct Objects (der-words and ein-words explained)
Two-Way Prepositions with Accusative and Dative
Accusative Prepositions in Da- and Wo-Compounds
Two-Way Prepositions in Da- and Wo-Compounds
What is a personal pronoun?
Pronouns in general replace nouns. Nouns are people, places, things and ideas. If you replace one of those with a word that is usually shorter, that word is a pronoun. Personal pronouns are the ones that you usually think of when someone mentions pronouns.
We call them personal pronouns to differentiate them from possessive pronouns like “mine” or “yours”. In English personal pronouns include words like: I, me, you, he, him, she, her and so on.
You should already be familiar with the nominative case personal pronouns in German. They are the ones that you use in conjugation charts: ich, du, er, sie, es, wir, ihr, sie, Sie.
Each of those has another version that is used when the pronoun is referring to someone or something that is the direct object of the sentence, which in German is displayed in the accusative case.
For example, if I am the direct object of the sentence, I no longer use the pronoun I. This pronoun switches to “me” in English. In German we go from “ich” to “mich”. Here is a bit more of a concrete example of this.
Ich mag deinen Bruder. -
I like your brother.
Er mag mich auch. -
He likes me, too.
In the first one, I am the one that likes someone, so I am in the nominative case, “ich”. In the second one, I am the one being liked, so I am in the accusative case, “mich”.
This works the same way if we look at the pronoun “er”. “Er” is the nominative case form, just like “he” is in English. When we change to the direct object in English, we switch to “him”.
In German “er” becomes “ihn”. You already saw “er” in the nominative case in “Er mag mich auch.” (He likes me, too), but we can see the accusative version if we replace “deinen Bruder” with a pronoun.
Ich mag ihn. -
I like him.
Just like in English, however, not all of the pronouns change from one case to the other. All of the sie’s remain “sie” and “es” remains “es” in the accusative case. When this happens it is occasionally relevant to rely on word order to tell us which pronoun is the subject and which is the direct object.
Sie kauft es. -
She buys it.
Es kauft sie. -
It buys her.
The first one obviously makes more sense, but because “sie” and “es” don’t change between the nominative and accusative cases, word order has to tell us what the subject is.
Personal Pronouns Chart in German
Now that we have the general idea out of the way, let’s look at our handy-dandy personal pronouns chart to see which pronouns change and how they change as well as which ones don’t change.
Examples of how accusative pronouns can be used
Ich mag dich. -
I like you.
Magst du mich? -
Do you like me?
Sie mag ihn. -
She likes him.
Er mag sie nicht. -
He doesn’t like her.
Ich mag es. -
I like it.
Wir mögen euch. -
We like you.
Mögt ihr uns? -
Do you like us?
Die Kinder mögen sie. -
The children like them.
Die Kunden mögen Sie. -
The customers like you.
Example Dialogues to Practice Accusative Pronouns
Dialogue 1
A: Guten Morgen, Lukas.
B: Hallo, Leon. Hast du dein Englischbuch?
A: Ja, ich habe es. Warum?
B: Ich habe die Aufgabe noch nicht gemacht und ich habe mein Buch nicht mitgebracht. Darf ich mir dein Buch kurz borgen?
A: Vielleicht können wir die Arbeit zusammen machen. Ich habe sie auch noch nicht gemacht.
B: Das geht. Hast du auch einen Bleistift?
A: Lass mich mal raten. Du willst ihn dir auch borgen?
B: Woher weißt du das?
A: Ich kenne dich seit dem Kindergarten. Du bist nie auf den Unterricht vorbereitet.
B: Da hast du recht, aber heute bist du auch unvorbereitet.
A: Nein. Ich bin vorbereitet. Ich habe heute kein Englisch.
Dialogue 2
C: Entschuldigung! Haben Sie frische Erdbeeren?
D: Ja, wir haben sie in Gang 15.
C: Kann ich auch einen Apfel da finden?
D: Ja, da finden Sie ihn auch.
C: Danke.
Dialogue 3
E: Ich habe neue Kleidung gekauft. Magst du sie?
F: Ist der Hut auch neu?
E: Ja, ihn habe ich gestern gekauft.
F: Ich mag ihn nicht. Die Hose ist aber schick.
E: Danke. Ich habe sie in der Steinstraße gekauft.
F: Was denkst du über meinen Hut?
E: Hörst du mich nicht? Ich habe schon gesagt, ich mag ihn nicht.
G: Warum streitet ihr euch?
E: Warum mischst du dich ein? Wir haben dich nicht eingeladen. Lass uns in Ruhe.
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All Accusative Case Lessons
haben + Direct Objects (der-words and ein-words explained)
Two-Way Prepositions with Accusative and Dative
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